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- Paul Ekman
Born | February 15, 1934 (age 85) Washington, D.C., United States |
---|---|
Known for | Microexpressions, Lie to Me |
Spouse(s) | Mary Ann Mason |
Awards | Named by the American Psychological Association as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century based on publications, citations and awards (2001) Honorary Degree, University of Fernando Pessoa, Portugal (2008) Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters, Adelphi University (2008) Honorary Degree, University of Geneva, Switzerland (2008) Named of the 100 Most Influential People in the World by Time Magazine (2009) Honorary Degree, Lund University, Sweden (2011) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Psychology Anthropology |
Doctoral advisor | John Amsden Starkweather |
Influences | Charles Darwin, Silvan Tomkins |
Website | PaulEkman.com |
Paul Ekman (born February 15, 1934) is an Americanpsychologist and professor emeritus at the University of California, San Francisco who is a pioneer in the study of emotions and their relation to facial expressions. He has created an 'atlas of emotions' with more than ten thousand facial expressions, and has gained a reputation as the best human lie detector in the world.He was ranked 59th out of the 100 most cited psychologists of the twentieth century.[1] Ekman conducted seminal research on the specific biological correlations of specific emotions, demonstrating the universality and discreteness of emotions in a Darwinian approach.[2][3]
- 1Biography
- 2Research work
Biography[edit]
Conversations with History: Paul Ekman on YouTube, University of California Television, 58:00, April 2008 |
Childhood[edit]
Lightman is based on Paul Ekman, and Ekman served as a scientific adviser for the series; he read and edited the scripts and sent video clip-notes of facial expressions for the actors to imitate. While Ekman has written 15 books, the series Lie to Me has more effectively brought Ekman's research into people's homes. Created Date: 8/8/2006 2:44:00 PM. Paul Ekman has 39 books on Goodreads with 45031 ratings. Paul Ekman’s most popular book is Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve C. Download Emotions Revealed by Paul Ekman ePub book free. Emotions Revealed is the relation, psychology and self-help guide which shares the various techniques to read the language of faces. Get Wonderful eBooks from Paul Ekman. Download most popluar PDF Books now Paul Ekman.
Paul Ekman was born in 1934 in Washington, D.C., and grew up in a Jewish family[4] in New Jersey, Washington, Oregon, and California. His father was a pediatrician and his mother was an attorney. His sister, Joyce Steingart, is a psychoanalytic psychologist who before her retirement practiced in New York City.[3]
Ekman originally wanted to be a psychotherapist, but when he was drafted into the army in 1958 he found that research could change army routines, making them more humane. This experience converted him from wanting to be a psychotherapist to wanting to be a researcher, in order to help as many people as possible.[5]
Education[edit]
At the age of 15, without graduating from high school, Paul Ekman enrolled at the University of Chicago where he completed three years of undergraduate study. During his time in Chicago he was fascinated by group therapy sessions and understanding group dynamics. Notably, his classmates at Chicago included writer Susan Sontag, film director Mike Nichols, and actress Elaine May.[6]
He then studied two years at New York University (NYU), earning his BA in 1954.[3] The subject of his first research project, under the direction of his NYU professor, Margaret Tresselt, was an attempt to develop a test of how people would respond to group therapy.[7]
Next, Ekman was accepted into the Adelphi University graduate program for clinical psychology.[7] While working for his master's degree, Ekman was awarded a predoctoral research fellowship from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in 1955.[7] His Master's thesis was focused on facial expression and body movement he had begun to study in 1954.[7] Ekman eventually went on to receive his Ph.D. in clinical psychology at Adelphi University in 1958, after a one-year internship at the Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute.[7][8]
Military service[edit]
Ekman was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1958 to serve 2 years as soon as his internship at Langley Porter was finished.[7] He served as first lieutenant-chief psychologist, at Fort Dix, New Jersey, where he did research on army stockades and psychological changes during infantry basic training.[7][9][10][11]
Career[edit]
Upon completion of military service in 1960, he accepted a position as a research associate with Leonard Krasner at the Palo Alto Veterans Administration Hospital, working on a grant focused on the operant conditioning of verbal behavior in psychiatric patients. Ekman also met anthropologist Gregory Bateson in 1960 who was on the staff of the Palo Alto Veterans Administration Hospital. Five years later, Gregory Bateson gave Paul Ekman motion picture films taken in Bali in the mid-1930s to help Ekman with cross-cultural studies of expression and gesture.[7]
From 1960 to 1963, Ekman was supported by a post doctoral fellowship from NIMH. He submitted his first research grant through San Francisco State College with himself as the principal investigator (PI) at the young age of 29.[12] He received this grant from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in 1963 to study nonverbal behaviour. This award would be continuously renewed for the next 40 years and would pay his salary until he was offered a professorship at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) in 1972.
Encouraged by his college friend and teacher Silvan S. Tomkins, Ekman shifted his focus from body movement to facial expressions. He wrote his most famous book, Telling Lies, and published it in 1985. The 4th edition is still in print. He retired in 2004 as professor of psychology in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). From 1960 to 2004 he also worked at the Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute on a limited basis consulting on various clinical cases.
After retiring from the University of California, San Francisco, Paul Ekman founded the Paul Ekman Group (PEG) and Paul Ekman International.[13]
Media[edit]
In 2001, Ekman collaborated with John Cleese for the BBCdocumentary series The Human Face.[14]
His work is frequently referred to in the TV series Lie to Me.[15] Dr. Lightman is based on Paul Ekman, and Ekman served as a scientific adviser for the series; he read and edited the scripts and sent video clip-notes of facial expressions for the actors to imitate. While Ekman has written 15 books, the series Lie to Me has more effectively brought Ekman's research into people's homes.[15]
He has also collaborated with Pixar's film director and animator Pete Docter in preparation of his 2015 film Inside Out.[16] Ekman also wrote a parent's guide to using Inside Out to help parents talk with their children about emotion, which can be found on his personal website.
Influence[edit]
He was named one of the top Time 100 most influential people in the May 11, 2009 edition of Time magazine.[17] He was also ranked fifteenth among the most influential psychologists of the 21st century in 2014 by the journal Archives of Scientific Psychology.[18] He is currently on the Editorial Board of Greater Good magazine, published by the Greater Good Science Center of the University of California, Berkeley. His contributions include the interpretation of scientific research into the roots of compassion, altruism, and peaceful human relationships.
Research work[edit]
Measuring nonverbal communication[edit]
Ekman's interest in nonverbal communication led to his first publication in 1957, describing how difficult it was to develop ways of empirically measuring nonverbal behaviour.[19] He chose the Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute, the psychiatry department of the University of California Medical School, for his clinical internship partly because Jurgen Ruesch and Weldon Kees had recently published a book called Nonverbal Communication (1956).[7][20][21]
Ekman then focused on developing techniques for measuring nonverbal communication. He found that facial muscular movements that created facial expressions could be reliably identified through empirical research. He also found that human beings are capable of making over 10,000 facial expressions; only 3,000 relevant to emotion.[22] Psychologist Silvan Tomkins convinced Ekman to extend his studies of nonverbal communication from body movement to the face, helping him design his classic cross-cultural emotion recognition studies.[23]
Emotions as universal categories[edit]
In The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals published in 1872, Charles Darwin theorized that emotions were evolved traits universal to the human species. However, the prevalent belief during the 1950s, particularly among anthropologists, was that facial expressions and their meanings were determined through behavioural learning processes. A prominent advocate of the latter perspective was the anthropologist Margaret Mead who had travelled to different countries examining how cultures communicated using nonverbal behaviour.
Through a series of studies, Ekman found a high agreement across members of diverse Western and Eastern literate cultures on selecting emotional labels that fit facial expressions. Expressions he found to be universal included those indicating wrath, grossness, scaredness, joy, loneliness, and shock. Findings on contempt were less clear, though there is at least some preliminary evidence that this emotion and its expression are universally recognized.[24] Working with Wallace V. Friesen, Ekman demonstrated that the findings extended to preliterate Fore tribesmen in Papua New Guinea, whose members could not have learned the meaning of expressions from exposure to media depictions of emotion.[25] Ekman and Friesen then demonstrated that certain emotions were exhibited with very specific display rules, culture-specific prescriptions about who can show which emotions to whom and when. These display rules could explain how cultural differences may conceal the universal effect of expression.[26]
In the 1990s, Ekman proposed an expanded list of basic emotions, including a range of positive and negative emotions that are not all encoded in facial muscles.[27] The newly included emotions are: Amusement, Contempt, Contentment, Embarrassment, Excitement, Guilt, Pride in achievement, Relief, Satisfaction, Sensory pleasure, and Shame.[27]
Visual depictions of facial actions for studying emotion[edit]
Ekman's famous test of emotion recognition was the Pictures of Facial Affect (POFA) stimulus set published in 1976. Consisting of 110 black and white images of Caucasian actors portraying the six universal emotions plus neutral expressions, the POFA has been used to study emotion recognition rates in normal and psychiatric populations around the world. Ekman used these stimuli in his original cross-cultural research. Many researchers favor the POFA because these photographs have been rated by large normative groups in different cultures. In response to critics, however, Ekman eventually released a more culturally diverse set of stimuli called the Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expressions of Emotion (JACFEE).[28]
By 1978, Ekman and Friesen had finalized and developed the Facial Action Coding System. FACS is an anatomically based system for describing all observable facial movement for every emotion. Each observable component of facial movement is called an action unit or AU and all facial expressions can be decomposed into their constituent core AUs.[29] An update of this tool came in the early 2000s.
Other tools have been developed, including the MicroExpressions Training Tool (METT), which can help individuals identify more subtle emotional expressions that occur when people try to suppress their emotions. Application of this tool includes helping people with Asperger's or autism to recognize emotional expressions in their everyday interactions. The Subtle Expression Training Tool (SETT) teaches recognition of very small, micro signs of emotion. These are very tiny expressions, sometimes registering in only part of the face, or when the expression is shown across the entire face, but is very small. Subtle expressions occur for many reasons, for example, the emotion experienced may be very slight or the emotion may be just beginning. METT and SETT have been shown to increase accuracy in evaluating truthfulness[citation needed].
Paul Ekman International was established in 2010 by www.eiagroup.com based on a partnership between Cliff Lansley and Paul Ekman to deliver emotional skills and deception detection workshops around the world, based on Dr Ekman's 50 years of research.
Detecting deception[edit]
Ekman has contributed to the study of social aspects of lying, and why we lie [30] and why we are often unconcerned with detecting lies.[31] He first became interested in detecting lies while completing his clinical work. As detailed in Ekman's Telling Lies, a patient he was involved in treating denied that she was suicidal in order to leave the hospital. Ekman began to review videotaped interviews to study people's facial expressions while lying. In a research project along with Maureen O'Sullivan, called the Wizards Project (previously named the Diogenes Project), Ekman reported on facial 'microexpressions' which could be used to assist in lie detection. After testing a total of 20,000 people[32] from all walks of life, he found only 50 people who had the ability to spot deception without any formal training. These naturals are also known as 'Truth Wizards', or wizards of deception detection from demeanor.[33]
In his profession, he also uses oral signs of lying. When interviewed about the Monica Lewinsky scandal, he mentioned that he could detect that former President Bill Clinton was lying because he used distancing language.[34]
Contributions[edit]
In his 1993 paper in the psychology journal American Psychologist, Ekman describes nine direct contributions that his research on facial expression has made to the understanding of emotion.[35] Highlights include:
- Consideration of both nature and nurture: Emotion is now viewed as a physiological phenomenon influenced by our cultural and learning experiences.
- Emotion-specific physiology: Ekman led the way by trying to find discrete psychophysiological differences across emotions. A number of researchers continue to search for emotion-specific autonomic and central nervous system activations. With the advent of neuroimaging techniques, a topic of intense interest revolves around how specific emotions relate to physiological activations in certain brain areas. Ekman laid the groundwork for the future field of affective neuroscience.
- An examination of events that precede emotions: Ekman's finding that voluntarily making one of the universal facial expressions can generate the physiology and some of the subjective experience of emotion provided some difficulty for some of the earlier theoretical conceptualizations of experiencing emotions.
- Considering emotions as families: Ekman & Friesen (1978) found not one expression for each emotion, but a variety of related but visually different expressions. For example, the authors reported 60 variations of the anger expression which share core configurational properties and distinguish themselves clearly from the families of fearful expressions, disgust expressions, and so on. Variations within a family likely reflect the intensity of the emotion, how the emotion is controlled, whether it is simulated or spontaneous, and the specifics of the event that provoked the emotion.
Criticisms[edit]
Most credibility-assessment researchers agree that untrained people are unable to visually detect lies.[36] The application of part of Ekman's work to airport security via the Transportation Security Administration's 'Screening Passengers by Observation Techniques' (SPOT) program has been criticized for not having been put through controlled scientific tests.[36] A 2007 report on SPOT referring to untrained people stated that 'simply put, people (including professional lie-catchers with extensive experience of assessing veracity) would achieve similar hit rates if they flipped a coin'.[37] Since controlled scientific tests typically involve people playing the part of terrorists, Ekman says those people are unlikely to have the same emotions as actual terrorists.[36]
A more recent report from the Department of Homeland Security DHS Report 2015 confirms that 'there is a significant body of scientific evidence and operationalliterature that supports the use of behavior detection indicators to identify high-risk passengers. TSA has compiled over 189 documents that include scientific researchstudies and exemplars from operational events that illustrate the reasoning for the use of the indicators in identifying terrorists who are an imminent threat.'
Field research by the EIA Group has documented empirical evidence of the impact of behavioral analysis in high-stake airport environments.
The methodology used by Ekman and O'Sullivan in their recent work on Truth wizards has also received criticism on the basis of validation.[38]
Other criticisms of Ekman's work are based on experimental and naturalistic studies by several other emotion psychologists that did not find evidence in support of Ekman's proposed taxonomy of discrete emotions and discrete facial expression.[39]
Ekman received hostility from some anthropologists at meetings of the American Psychological Association and the American Anthropological Association from 1967 to 1969. He recounted that, as he was reporting his findings on universality of expression, one anthropologist tried to stop him from finishing by shouting that his ideas were fascist. He compares this to another incident when he was accused of being racist by an activist for claiming that Black expressions are not different from White expressions. In 1975, Margaret Mead, an anthropologist, wrote against Ekman for doing 'improper anthropology', and for disagreeing with Ray Birdwhistell's claim opposing universality. Ekman wrote that, while many people agreed with Birdwhistell then, most came to accept his own findings over the next decade.[12]However, some anthropologists continued to suggest that emotions are not universal.[40] Ekman argued that there has been no quantitative data to support the claim that emotions are culture specific. In his 1993 discussion of the topic, Ekman states that there is no instance in which 70% or more of one cultural group select one of the six universal emotions while another culture group labels the same expression as another universal emotion.[35]
Ekman criticized the tendency of psychologists to base their conclusions on surveys of college students. Hank Campbell quotes Ekman saying at the Being Human conference, 'We basically have a science of undergraduates.'[41]
Publications[edit]
- Nonverbal messages: Cracking the CodeISBN978-0-9915636-3-0
- Emotional Awareness: Overcoming the Obstacles to Psychological Balance and Compassion (Times Books, 2008) ISBN0-8050-8712-5
- Unmasking the FaceISBN1-883536-36-7
- Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life (Times Books, 2003) ISBN0-8050-7516-X
- Telling Lies: Clues to Deceit in the Marketplace, Politics, and Marriage (W. W. Norton & Company, 1985) ISBN0-393-32188-6
- What the Face Reveals (with Rosenberg, E. L., Oxford University Press, 1998) ISBN0-19-510446-3
- The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental Questions (with R. Davidson, Oxford University Press, 1994) ISBN0-19-508944-8
- Darwin and Facial Expression: A Century of Research in ReviewISBN0-12-236750-2
- Facial Action Coding System/Investigator'sISBN99936-26-61-9
- Why Kids Lie: How Parents Can Encourage Truthfulness (Penguin, 1991) ISBN0-14-014322-X
- Handbook of Methods in Nonverbal Behavior ResearchISBN0-521-28072-9
- Face of ManISBN0-8240-7130-1
- Emotion in the Human FaceISBN0-08-016643-1
- Handbook of Cognition and Emotion (Sussex, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 1999)
See also[edit]
- Lie to Me (TV series)
References[edit]
- ^Haggbloom, S. J. et al. (2002). The 100 Most Eminent Psychologists of the 20th Century. Review of General Psychology. Vol. 6, No. 2, 139–15. Haggbloom and his team combined 3 quantitative variables: citations in professional journals, citations in textbooks, and nominations in a survey given to members of the Association for Psychological Science, with 3 qualitative variables (converted to quantitative scores): National Academy of Science (NAS) membership, American Psychological Association (APA) President and/or recipient of the APA Distinguished Scientific Contributions Award, and surname used as an eponym. Then the list was rank ordered. Ekman was #59.
- ^'Facial expression of emotion'. In V.S. Ramachandran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (Vol. 2, pp. 173–83). Oxford: Elsevier/Academic Press. ISBN978-008-088-575-9.
- ^ abcNo Authorship Indicated (April 1992). 'Paul Ekman'. American Psychologist. 47 (4): 470–71. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.47.4.470.
- ^'Jews Among the 100 Most Eminent Psychologists of the Twentieth Century'. www.jinfo.org. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
- ^http://search.proquest.com/docview/229138171
- ^'Conversation with Paul Ekman, p. 1 of 5'. Globetrotter.berkeley.edu. 2004-03-11. Retrieved 2014-03-03.
- ^ abcdefghiEkman, P. (1987). 'A life's pursuit.' In The Semiotic Web '86: An International Yearkbook, Sebeok, T. A.; Umiker-Seboek, J., Eds. Berlin, Mouton De Gruyter, pp. 3–45.
- ^Eissner, B. Paul Ekman PH.D. '58, '08: East Meets West. http://profiles.adelphi.edu/profile/paul-ekman/http://www.adelphi.edu/adelphi-magazine/Adelphi-Magazine-Fall-2008.pdf.
- ^American Psychologist (April 1992), 'Paul Ekman' 47 (4), pp. 470–71
- ^Ekman, P.; Cohen, L.; Moos, R.; Raine, W.; Schlesinger, M.; Stone, G. (1963). 'Divergent Reactions to the Threat of War'. Science. 139 (3550): 88–94. doi:10.1126/science.139.3550.88. PMID17798702.
- ^Ekman, P.; Friesen, W.V.; Lutzker, D.R., 'Psychological Reactions to Infantry Basic Training'. Medicine, U. o. C. S. o., Ed. http://www.paulekman.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Psychological-Reactions-To-Infantry-Basic-Training.pdf
- ^ abEkman, P. (1987). 'A life's pursuit'. In The Semiotic Web '86: An International Yearkbook, Sebeok, T. A.; Umiker-Seboek, J., Eds. Berlin, Mouton De Gruyter, pp. 3–45
- ^'About Paul Ekman Group LLC'. Paulekman.com. Retrieved 2014-03-03.
- ^'Lifeboat Foundation Bios: Dr. Paul Ekman'. Lifeboat.com. 2002-09-16. Archived from the original on 2014-01-05. Retrieved 2014-03-03.
- ^ ab'The (Real!) Science Behind Fox's Lie to Me'. Popular Mechanics [Online], 2009.
- ^Dacher Keltner & Paul Ekman (2015-07-03). 'The Science of 'Inside Out''. The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-09-05.
- ^The 2009 TIME 100: Paul Ekman, Scientists & Thinkers. Time. April 30, 2009.
- ^An Incomplete List of Eminent Psychologists of the Modern Era American Psychological Association, 2014.
- ^Ekman, Paul (1957). 'A methodological discussion of nonverbal behavior'. Journal of Psychology. 43: 141–49. doi:10.1080/00223980.1957.9713059.
- ^Jurgen Ruesch, Weldon Kees (1969). Nonverbal Communication: Notes on the Visual Perception of Human Relations. Retrieved 2014-03-03 – via Books.google.com.
- ^Ruesch, J.; Kees, W. (1956). Nonverbal Communication: Notes on the Visual Perception of Human Relations. University of California Press, Berkeley, p. 205.
- ^'Watch Lie To Me: Expressions: Introduction online'. Hulu. Retrieved 2014-03-03.
- ^'FACS Investigators Guide – Acknowledgements'. Archived from the original on 6 October 2009. Retrieved 2 September 2009.
- ^Matsumoto, David (1992) 'More evidence for the universality of a contempt expression'. Motivation and Emotion. Springer Netherlands. Volume 16, Number 4 / December, 1992
- ^Ekman, P.; Friesen, W.V. (1971). 'Constants across cultures in the face and emotion'(PDF). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 17 (2): 124–29. doi:10.1037/h0030377. PMID5542557. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2015-02-28. Retrieved 2015-02-28.
- ^Ekman, Paul (1989). 'The argument and evidence about universals in facial expressions of emotion'. In H. Wagner & A Manstead (ed.). Handbook of social psychophysiology. Chichester, England: Wiley. pp. 143–64.
- ^ abEkman, Paul (1999), 'Basic Emotions', in Dalgleish, T; Power, M (eds.), Handbook of Cognition and Emotion(PDF), Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons
- ^Ekman, P.; Matsumoto, D. 'Japanese and Caucasian facial expressions of emotion and neutral faces'.Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^Ekman, Paul. 'FACS vs. F.A.C.E.'
- ^Ekman, P., 1991: Why Kids Lie: How Parents Can Encourage Truthfulness
- ^Ekman, P., 1996: Why don't we catch liarsArchived 2010-01-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^Camilleri, J., 'Truth Wizard knows when you've been lying', Chicago Sun-Times, January 21, 2009
- ^'NPR: The Face Never Lies'. Archived from the original on 2009-06-07.
- ^'The lie detective: San Francisco psychologist has made a science of reading facial expressions' by Julian Guthrie, San Francisco Chronicle, September 16, 2002.
- ^ abEkman, Paul (1993). 'Facial Expression and Emotion'. American Psychologist. 48 (4): 384–92. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.48.4.384. PMID8512154.
- ^ abcSharon Weinberger (2010). 'Airport security: Intent to deceive? : Nature News'. Nature. Nature.com. 465 (7297): 412–415. doi:10.1038/465412a. PMID20505706.
- ^Hontz, C.R., Hartwig, M., Kleinman, S.M. & Meissner, C.A. 'Credibility Assessment at Portals', Portals Committee Report (2009).
- ^Bond, Charles F & Uysal, Ahmet. (2007). 'On lie detection 'wizards'. Law and human behavior, 31.
- ^Russel and Fernandez-Dols (1997). The Psychology of Facial Expression. Cambridge University Press.[ISBN missing][page needed]
- ^Lutz, C.; White, G.M. (1986). 'The anthropology of emotions'. Annual Review of Anthropology. 15: 405–36. doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.15.1.405.
- ^Hank Campbell (16 April 2012). 'A Double-Blind Test Of Astrology For The 21st Century'. Science20.com.
...as the legendary Paul Ekman said at the Being Human conference, 'We basically have a science of undergraduates'
Paul Ekman Books Pdf Download
External links[edit]
- The Naked Face, Gladwell.com
- Recording of a conversation with Daniel Goleman
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Paul Ekman, a renowned expert in emotions research and nonverbal communication, has now updated his groundbreaking inquiry into lying and methods for uncovering lies. From the deception strategies of international public figures, such as Adolf Hitler and Richard Nixon, to the deceitful behavior of private individuals, including adulterers and petty criminals, Ekman shows t...more
Published September 17th 2001 by W. W. Norton & Company (first published 1985)
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Paul Ekman Books Pdf Download
Jan 13, 2010Elaine rated it liked it · review of another editionRecommends it for: anyone who is interested in detecting lies
Paul Ekman is without a doubt one of the top experts in the world on facial expressions in humans. His research is careful, painstaking, and intelligently done. He has honestly subtitled this book 'Clues to Deceit in the Marketplace,Politics, and Marriage.' It is not his fault that the book has been hyped and is advertised as being able to teach us unfailingly when someone is lying.
No book can teach anyone to be positive that someone else is telling the truth. No book can tell anyone proof-posi...more
No book can teach anyone to be positive that someone else is telling the truth. No book can tell anyone proof-posi...more
Jan 09, 2011Andrea rated it it was ok
This one should have been really interesting. It's written by one of the scientists whose work serves as the inspiration for 'Lie to Me', yet you haven't really experienced boring until you read upwards of 40 pages describing minute facial expressions. Also, I was disappointed that there was really nothing in here I hadn't already seen presented in a more interesting and engaging way. Were this a documentary, it would have been awesome. As a book, I just wanted it to end.
Jun 03, 2017Brent rated it liked it
Referenced in Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking and A Whole New Mind: Why Right-Brainers Will Rule the Future.
Unlike other reviewers I was happy to wade through pages of micro expressions which I found to be the most useful part of the book. A full chapter on the workings of polygraphs, however, was a different matter and I ended up skipping that altogether.
Read in research for WIP.
Unlike other reviewers I was happy to wade through pages of micro expressions which I found to be the most useful part of the book. A full chapter on the workings of polygraphs, however, was a different matter and I ended up skipping that altogether.
Read in research for WIP.
Because the TV show Lie to Me is based on the work of Paul Ekman, the casual reader may expect something a bit more fun and glamorous. There is nothing wrong this text per se, but there are very few diagrams to illustrate his points. Instead, you should be ready for a rather dry, academic discussion of the non-verbals, psychology, and language behind lying. Some background in at least one of these areas would be an advantage, or the reader may become quickly bored. For reasons I could not ascert...more
Sep 01, 2014زينب rated it really liked it
I've heard about this guy and his research on microexpressions from a different book. I didn't get a chance to read his book until I found it by chance in the library. The book as the title suggests is about lies. Here he discussed his research findings and the different clues to deceit that a liar might leak. I liked that he was very neutral. If one of his research findings is still preliminary and not replicated he says so. The things I got from this book are: 1) a huge list of clues to deceit...more
This book paired with 'How to Help Your Spouse Heal From Your Affair: A Compact Manual for the Unfaithful' was just what I needed after discovering my husband's affair. I proudly displayed this on my nightstand for him to see. Surprisingly, I enjoyed the book and would recommend to others.
Apr 10, 2018Naz rated it it was ok
This review has been hidden because it contains spoilers. To view it, click here.
I do love to go sit at the bookstore downtown during lunch, grabbing a bite at Lizard's. Whenever I step inside, I browse and then feel compelled to buy something. And every time I've made such an impulse purchase, I've been disappointed! Support your local indie, though, seems to be an affair with more misses than hits. And I'm wondering what's up with that. The last two books I bought at B&N on impulse were fine books. I think it is the indy bookstore's less than desirable stock. Not sure....more
Dec 29, 2012Jacob rated it liked it Shelves: nonfiction, science, from_library, psychology
Once again this book is a bit of a slog because the author's writing is pedantic and doesn't say a lot. I'm sure he means well and I'm glad he takes the time to think through the implications of his findings (and opinions), but I have a hard time reading what I've already easily inferred from the text, and many of the ideas are repeated.
Unlike Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life, this book is more philosophy than psychology. When Ekman wr...more
Unlike Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life, this book is more philosophy than psychology. When Ekman wr...more
May 17, 2015Corey Nelson rated it it was amazing · review of another edition
I do not like “beach reading” books. They tend to be too light (yes, I know that is the point) and empty for me. Nothing to remember. So I read this book on a beach weekend in Florida. There was a television show based on this Ekman and his science with my husband and I enjoyed. I kept reading passages from the book to my husband as he tried to read his own book (yes, the interruptions were an annoyance) which he also appreciated hearing as it inspired his programmer logic mind. Ekman’s company...more
Sep 13, 2011Christopher rated it it was amazing · review of another edition
A maelstrom of original and ground-breaking information never seen before it was published some 30 years ago; by the man who 'Lie to Me' was based upon. The first three chapters can be dry and redundant but they lay the foundation for what a lie is and what types there are. Chapter 4 gets into the meat of identification and can leave you exhausted after just a few pages; the 3 pages that describe a chosen 18 types of smiles, for example. And the long chapter on polygraphs (which I thought I'd en...more
Jan 21, 2016Dale rated it it was amazing
Okay, to start off with, this book is a psychology book on how lies are physiologically expressed. Reading this book will give you an understanding on how emotions leak through when people attempt to hide them. It will not suddenly allow you to read the emotions of all the people all around you, nor will it magically turn you into a lead character of the show Lie to Me.
That said, this book is one of the foundation books on the topic. If you're not looking for some snake oil, and are generally in...more
That said, this book is one of the foundation books on the topic. If you're not looking for some snake oil, and are generally in...more
While the subject matter was interesting, the book itself was too repetitive, and the material didn't have enough study to back it up. The other does acknowledge that fact, though. Also, I expected the book to be more prescriptive: I thought literally be better able to tell when someone is lying or hiding information after reading this book, but I don't think that's the case. It was not a bad book, but it could have been much better.
Oct 15, 2008Blake rated it liked itRecommends it for: Those interested in psychology
The title of this book is a little misleading, as it is really about the psychology of lying, the physiological reactions that occur when someone is being deceptive, and an analysis of the profession of lie catchers (polygraph examiners, investigators, interrogators, etc.) and their efficacy. Interesting read from an intellectual curiosity standpoint, but I wouldn't put it on a list must reads.
This book was brilliant!! I especially appreciated the way that Ekman points out howm many reasons that you can't use this information at face value. Everything must be taken in context. I felt that the information was very credible because of this. I learned so much from reading this book.
I found this book really interesting as it explored clues to deceit and the psychology involved in telling lies. I loved reading about the author's research experiments about lying.
A couple weeks ago I had an interview. Before it, we had to fill a sheet in which I filled in my salary expectations and notice period expectations. The interviewer looked at it and immediately her brows came close to each other. She asked me a few questions, and I answered them. It was as if she had already decided to reject the application. I was reading her face and I found so many clues in her behavior, body language, tone and the questions she was asking me. I faced rejection but it was one...more
Sep 27, 2017Reixel Soy Yo rated it liked it
Even if you can learn some things reading this book, the truth is that the general idea is that, unless you have an innate skill, you will never be able to prove if someone is lying or not. In general terms, most of the people are not able to find out when someone is telling a lie with a probability superior to a 50%; that's the same as saying that the possibility of hitting is not higher than chance.
In the other hand, using a polygraph is not recommended in any case, because they are pretty im...more
May 23, 2018Emi Bevacqua rated it it was ok · review of another editionIn the other hand, using a polygraph is not recommended in any case, because they are pretty im...more
Shelves: case-studies, instructional, non-fiction
Professor Ekman uses a vast and creative range of examples in this nevertheless dry guide to liar catching - from the Pope's meeting with Poland's General Jaruzelski, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat studying Mussolini's facial dexterity, Hitler's misleading Chamberlain, Woody Allen, courtroom figures from televised legal cases in the news, Desdemona's deceit in Shakespeare's Othello, Ruth the philandering wife in John Updike's Marry Me, to bona fide scientific research such as The Control Questio...more
Aug 01, 2017Louisa Henderson rated it it was ok · review of another edition
First off I love Ekman and the concept of his work but way the book is written is just terrible: It's boring repetitious on certain point and soul sucking to get through. You can't even blame the use of scientific or psychological jargon because there was none. AS much as a wanted to continue I had to give up at page 177 (first time ever).
To be honest I am not comfortable filing it under 'read' because it was not technically finished but I did read quite a bit, so there it goes . I do have anot...more
To be honest I am not comfortable filing it under 'read' because it was not technically finished but I did read quite a bit, so there it goes . I do have anot...more
Apr 26, 2019Cheryl rated it really liked it · review of another edition
Cautionary work about our ability (limited) for detecting lies. Demonstrates this through examples, many of them research based. Our ability to detect lies increases as our awareness of micro expressions and other nonverbal cues increases and, for many people, this can be trained. The most important feedback I got was to be cautious about my interpretations of the truthfulness/deceit of others and to be very mindful of my assumptions and predilections going in. Our expectations tend to be confir...more
There is some interesting information in this book, but that is about all I can say. The way the information is presented is mind numbing, dull, boring, etc. If you can make it through, you will basically learn that whether you think you are a good detector of lies or not, you most likely are not. The art of reading the face or body language of a liar is extremely complex, and at a minimum, requires fairly intimate understanding of the person under scrutiny. Bottom line is, don't read this book...more
After watching 'Lie to me' I got the nagging idea to see the source of that phenomenal TV series and I wasn't disappointed.
It is an easy to read overview of lies as the most common thing in the world. With immense number of examples you are presented with ways to catch a whiff when somebody lies; it doesn't make you paranoid, just gives you fun and interesting points about human behaviour when an individual is hiding something. As Paul Ekman says this is not a precise science and sometimes resu...more
It is an easy to read overview of lies as the most common thing in the world. With immense number of examples you are presented with ways to catch a whiff when somebody lies; it doesn't make you paranoid, just gives you fun and interesting points about human behaviour when an individual is hiding something. As Paul Ekman says this is not a precise science and sometimes resu...more
the book is informative and intriguing.
I was advised by my professor to read it and do a presentation on it, which is something interesting.
The book indeed is about nonverbal communication as Paul Ekman concerned with studying emotions and their relation to the micro expressions. It shows how and when people life, therefore, there are many clues that may leakage from ones. Such micro expressions are not noticeable due to the fact they only flash on and off in the face in a quick, which is some...more
I was advised by my professor to read it and do a presentation on it, which is something interesting.
The book indeed is about nonverbal communication as Paul Ekman concerned with studying emotions and their relation to the micro expressions. It shows how and when people life, therefore, there are many clues that may leakage from ones. Such micro expressions are not noticeable due to the fact they only flash on and off in the face in a quick, which is some...more
Oct 17, 2017ThinkShareComment rated it it was ok
The topic is interesting and the description of real test and cases makes it more engaging. also it addresses tests and other possible topics of investigation that could influence this new field of research.
But it feels like reading the same few pages over and over again.
He repeats the same concepts over and over and over, maybe this should have been a 70 pages essey instead of a 300 pages book.
But it feels like reading the same few pages over and over again.
He repeats the same concepts over and over and over, maybe this should have been a 70 pages essey instead of a 300 pages book.
Wanted to love this book, and believe this book is full of incredibly useful information, but I literally couldn't read it. I think it needed a better editor, to somehow organize it. It comes off as a rambling, directionless, and, for my needs, useless. I respect the obviously great intelligence of the author, I just with the book were readable.
Paul Ekman Psychological Perspective
It's a pretty concise book that tells the principles by which lie detection based on visual cues is practiced. Pretty clear on stating what types of lies are most common, and gives a guide to uncovering them. Gives a good insight into what non-verbal communication is,.
A respectable book but too technical to my taste
Dated but good for the basics of lie detection
A long and boring book. it is more for professionals than for ordinary people. BTW, I am happy I read it.
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Dr Paul Ekman Controversy
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American psychologist that pioneered the study of emotions' relationship to facial expressions.
Paul Ekman
“No important relationship survives if trust is totally lost.” — 13 likes
“A broken promise is not a lie.” — 8 likes
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